{"id":"met-office-global-deterministic-near-surface","type":"Collection","links":[{"rel":"items","type":"application/geo+json","href":"https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/api/stac/v1/collections/met-office-global-deterministic-near-surface/items"},{"rel":"parent","type":"application/json","href":"https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/api/stac/v1/"},{"rel":"root","type":"application/json","href":"https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/api/stac/v1/"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/json","href":"https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/api/stac/v1/collections/met-office-global-deterministic-near-surface"},{"rel":"license","href":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en","type":"text/html","title":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0"},{"rel":"describedby","href":"https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/services/data/external-data-channels","title":"Met Office Dataset Documentation"},{"rel":"describedby","href":"https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/dataset/met-office-global-deterministic-near-surface","type":"text/html","title":"Human readable dataset overview and reference"},{"rel":"http://www.opengis.net/def/rel/ogc/1.0/queryables","type":"application/schema+json","title":"Queryables","href":"https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/api/stac/v1/collections/met-office-global-deterministic-near-surface/queryables"},{"rel":"describedby","href":"https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/dataset/met-office-global-deterministic-near-surface","title":"Human readable dataset overview and reference","type":"text/html"}],"title":"Near-surface level collection Met Office global deterministic 10km forecast","assets":{"thumbnail":{"href":"https://ai4edatasetspublicassets.blob.core.windows.net/assets/pc_thumbnails/met-office-global-deterministic-near-surface.jpg","type":"image/jpeg","roles":["thumbnail"],"title":"Near-surface level collection Met Office global deterministic 10km forecast thumbnail"},"geoparquet-items":{"href":"abfs://items/met-office-global-deterministic-near-surface.parquet","type":"application/x-parquet","roles":["stac-items"],"title":"GeoParquet STAC items","description":"Snapshot of the collection's STAC items exported to GeoParquet format.","table:storage_options":{"account_name":"pcstacitems"}}},"extent":{"spatial":{"bbox":[[-180,-90,180,90]]},"temporal":{"interval":[["2023-12-15T00:00:00Z",null]]}},"license":"proprietary","keywords":["Met Office","Global","Forecast","Cloud","Fog","Heat Flux","Precipitation","Pressure","Radiation","Rainfall","Humidity","Snow","Temperature","Wind"],"providers":[{"url":"https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/","name":"Met Office","roles":["producer","licensor","processor"]},{"url":"https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com","name":"Microsoft","roles":["host","processor"]}],"description":"This collection offers 48 parameters at near-surface level from the Met Office global deterministic 10km forecast. This is a numerical weather prediction forecast for the whole globe, with a resolution of approximately 0.09 degrees i.e. 10km (2,560 x 1,920 grid points).\n\nThe data is available as NetCDF files. It's offered on a free, unsupported basis, so we don't recommend using it for any critical business purposes.\n\n## Data collection height\nThere are 3 forecast heights used within the near-surface this collection:\n* Surface: the default collection height\n* Screen level: 1.5m above the surface\n* Wind parameters: 10m above the surface\n\n## Timesteps\nFor most parameters, the following time steps are available, see exceptions below:\n* every hour from 0 to 54 hours\n* every 3 hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* every 6 hours from 150 to 168 hours\n\nExceptions (for `accumulation`, `min`, `max` and `mean` parameters):\n* Height of orography (height_of_orography) is only available at 0H\n* Hourly latent heat flux at surface mean (latent_heat_flux_at_surface_mean-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours\n* 3H latent heat flux at surface mean (latent_heat_flux_at_surface_mean-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* 6H latent heat flux at surface mean (latent_heat_flux_at_surface_mean-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 150 to 168 hours\n* Hourly precipitation accumulation (precipitation_accumulation-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours\n* 3H precipitation accumulation (precipitation_accumulation-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* 6H precipitation accumulation (precipitation_accumulation-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 150 to 168 hours\n* Radiation flux in longwave downward at surface (radiation_flux_in_longwave_downward_at_surface) has six hourly timesteps from 150 to 162 hours\n* Radiation flux in uv downward at surface (radiation_flux_in_uv_downward_at_surface) has three hourly timesteps from 0 to 144 hours and six hourly timesteps from 150 to 162 hours\n* Hourly rainfall accumulation (rainfall_accumulation-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours\n* 3H rainfall accumulation (rainfall_accumulation-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* 6H rainfall accumulation (rainfall_accumulation-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 150 to 168 hours \n* Hourly rainfall rate from convection max (rainfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours\n* 3H rainfall rate from convection max (rainfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* 6H rainfall rate from convection max (rainfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 150 to 168 hours\n* Hourly snowfall rate from convection max (snowfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours\n* 3H snowfall rate from convection max (snowfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* 6H snowfall rate from convection max (snowfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 150 to 168 hours\n* Hourly snowfall rate from convection mean (snowfall_rate_from_convection_mean-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours\n* 3H snowfall rate from convection mean (snowfall_rate_from_convection_mean-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* 6H snowfall rate from convection mean (snowfall_rate_from_convection_mean-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 150 to 168 hours\n* Hourly temperature at screen level max (temperature_at_screen_level_max-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours\n* 3H temperature at screen level max (temperature_at_screen_level_max-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* 6H temperature at screen level max (temperature_at_screen_level_max-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 150 to 168 hours\n* Hourly temperature at screen level min (temperature_at_screen_level_min-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours\n* 3H remperature at screen level min (temperature_at_screen_level_min-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 57 to 144 hours\n* 6H temperature at screen level min (temperature_at_screen_level_min-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 150 to 168 hours\n* Hourly wind gust at 10m max (wind_gust_at_10m_max-PT01H) is only available every hour from 1 to 54 hours \n* 3H wind gust at 10m max (wind_gust_at_10m_max-PT03H) is only available every three hours from 3 to 144 hours\n* 6H wind gust at 10m max (wind_gust_at_10m_max-PT06H) is only available every six hours from 54 to 168 hours\n\n## Update Frequency\nThe model is run four times each day, with forecast reference times of 00:00, 06:00, 12:00 and 18:00 (UTC).\n\nThe runs at 00:00 and 12:00 provide data for the next 168 hours. The runs at 06:00 and 18:00 provide data for the next 67 hours.\n\nThe forecast reference time represents the nominal data time or start time of a model forecast run, rather than the time when the data is available.\n\n## Archive length and latency\nAs of December 2025, the archive contains data from December 2023 onwards. Forecasts will continue to be available for at least two years from their data date.\n\nThe data is typically available 6 hours after the model run time.\n\n## Technical specs\nThe data is available as NetCDF files. NetCDF (Network Common Data Form) is an interface for array-orientated data access and a library that supports the interface. It is composed of 3 components:\n* Variables store the data \n* Dimensions give relevant dimension information for the variables\n* Attributes provide auxiliary information about the variables or dataset itself \n\nNetCDF is used within the atmospheric and oceanic science communities and is network transparent, allowing for it to be accessed by computers that store integers, characters and floating-point numbers.\n\nIris supports NetCDF files through reading, writing and handling. Iris implements a model based on the CF conventions, giving a format-agnostic interface for working with data.\n\n[Find further support on using Iris with NetCDF files.](https://scitools-iris.readthedocs.io/en/stable/)\n\n## Help us improve the data services we offer\n[Join the Met Office research panel](https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=YYHxF9cgRkeH_VD-PjtmGdxioYGoFbFIkZuB_q8Fb3VUQkoxRVQzTFdUMzNMVzczWVM5VTc3QTY3MC4u) to help us understand how people interact with weather and climate data, uncover challenges and explore opportunities.\n\n## How to cite\nMet Office global deterministic 10km forecast was accessed on DATE from the Microsoft Planetary Computer (https://zenodo.org/records/7261897).\n\n## License\nBritish Crown copyright 2023-2025, the Met Office, is licensed under [CC BY-SA](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en).\n\n## Providers\n[Met Office](https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/)\n\nSee all datasets managed by [Met Office.](https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/catalog?filter=met+office)\n\n## Contact\n[servicedesk@metoffice.gov.uk](mailto:servicedesk@metoffice.gov.uk). Service desk is only available Mon – Fri, 09:00 until 17:00 UTC (-1 hour during BST). \n\nAs a non-operational service we aim to respond to any service support enquiries within 3-5 business days.\n","item_assets":{"rainfall_rate":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Rainfall rate","forecast:variable":"rainfall_rate"},"snowfall_rate":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Snowfall rate","forecast:variable":"lwe_snowfall_rate"},"wind_gust_at_10m":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Wind gust at 10m","forecast:variable":"wind_speed_of_gust"},"wind_speed_at_10m":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Wind speed at 10m","forecast:variable":"wind_speed"},"precipitation_rate":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Precipitation rate","forecast:variable":"lwe_precipitation_rate"},"height_of_orography":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Height of 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mean","forecast:variable":"surface_upward_latent_heat_flux"},"rainfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT01H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Hourly rainfall rate from convection max","forecast:variable":"convective_rainfall_rate"},"rainfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT03H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"3H rainfall rate from convection max","forecast:variable":"convective_rainfall_rate"},"rainfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT06H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"6H rainfall rate from convection max","forecast:variable":"convective_rainfall_rate"},"snowfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT01H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Hourly snowfall rate from convection max","forecast:variable":"lwe_convective_snowfall_rate"},"snowfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT03H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"3H snowfall rate from convection max","forecast:variable":"lwe_convective_snowfall_rate"},"snowfall_rate_from_convection_max-PT06H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"6H snowfall rate from convection max","forecast:variable":"lwe_convective_snowfall_rate"},"radiation_flux_in_uv_downward_at_surface":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Radiation flux in uv downward at surface","forecast:variable":"surface_downwelling_ultraviolet_flux_in_air"},"snowfall_rate_from_convection_mean-PT01H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Hourly snowfall rate from convection mean","forecast:variable":"lwe_convective_snowfall_rate"},"snowfall_rate_from_convection_mean-PT03H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"3H snowfall rate from convection mean","forecast:variable":"lwe_convective_snowfall_rate"},"snowfall_rate_from_convection_mean-PT06H":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"6H snowfall rate from convection mean","forecast:variable":"lwe_convective_snowfall_rate"},"temperature_of_dew_point_at_screen_level":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Dew point temperature at screen level","forecast:variable":"dew_point_temperature"},"radiation_flux_in_longwave_downward_at_surface":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Radiation flux in longwave downward at surface","forecast:variable":"surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air"},"radiation_flux_in_shortwave_total_downward_at_surface":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Radiation flux in shortwave total downward at surface","forecast:variable":"surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air"},"radiation_flux_in_shortwave_direct_downward_at_surface":{"type":"application/netcdf","roles":["data"],"title":"Radiation flux in shortwave direct downward at surface","forecast:variable":"surface_direct_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air"}},"msft:region":"westeurope","stac_version":"1.0.0","msft:group_id":"met-office-global-deterministic","cube:variables":{"wind_speed":{"type":"data","unit":"m/s","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Wind at 10m above the surface is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector with no vertical component. The speed is the magnitude of velocity."},"rainfall_rate":{"type":"data","unit":"m/s","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Instantaneous rate at which rain (as a depth) was being produced by the model precipitation scheme and deposited on the surface. This excludes the rain produced by the model convection scheme."},"air_temperature":{"type":"data","unit":"K","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Minimum instantaneous air temperature at screen level (1.5m) in the previous 6 hours."},"surface_altitude":{"type":"data","unit":"m","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Altitude or (geometric) height above the geoid of the surface (ground). It is worth remembering that orographic height can be negative, particularly in some of the inland sea areas (e.g. Caspian Sea at -27m and Dead Sea at -430m)"},"fog_area_fraction":{"type":"data","unit":"1","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Here fog means a visibility of 1000 m or lower. The reduction in visibility is caused water droplets or minute ice crystals forming close to the surface. This quantity represents the fraction of horizontal grid square occupied by fog. An alternative interpretation is that this represents the fractional probability of fog being present at any location in the grid square."},"lwe_snowfall_rate":{"type":"data","unit":"m/s","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Instantaneous rate at which liquid water equivalent (LWE) snow (as a depth) was produced by the model precipitation scheme and deposited on the surface. This excludes the snow produced by the the model convection scheme."},"relative_humidity":{"type":"data","unit":"1","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Fractional relative humidity (ratio of the partial pressure of water vapour to the equilibrium vapour pressure of water) at screen level (1.5m above the surface.)"},"visibility_in_air":{"type":"data","unit":"m","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Horizontal distance at which something can be seen horizontally from screen level (1.5m)."},"wind_speed_of_gust":{"type":"data","unit":"m/s","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Maximum diagnosed instantaneous wind gust at 10m in the previous 6 hours. This can be considered as the extreme wind speed that might be experienced in this period."},"surface_temperature":{"type":"data","unit":"K","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Temperature at the surface interface between the air and the ground."},"wind_from_direction":{"type":"data","unit":"degrees","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Wind at 10m above the surface is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector with no vertical component. In meteorological reports the direction of the wind vector is given as the direction from which it is blowing. Note: This with wind speed at 10m replaces x wind at 10m and y wind at 10m."},"dew_point_temperature":{"type":"data","unit":"K","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Instantaneous dew point temperature (temperature at which a parcel of air reaches saturation upon being cooled at constant pressure and specific humidity) at screen level (1.5m)."},"lwe_precipitation_rate":{"type":"data","unit":"m/s","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Instantaneous rate at which liquid water (as a depth) was being deposited on the surface. This includes rain, snow and hail with the ice phase precipitation being considered as a liquid water equivalent (LWE) value. It includes the contribution from the model convection scheme if this is invoked."},"convective_rainfall_rate":{"type":"data","unit":"m/s","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Maximum instantaneous rate at which rain (as a depth) has been produced by the model convection scheme and deposited on the surface in the previous 6 hours."},"air_pressure_at_sea_level":{"type":"data","unit":"Pa","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Air pressure at mean sea level which is close to the geoid in sea areas. Air pressure at sea level is the quantity often abbreviated as MSLP or PMSL."},"lwe_convective_snowfall_rate":{"type":"data","unit":"m/s","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Mean rate at which liquid water equivalent (LWE) snow (as a depth) has been produced by the model convection scheme and deposited on the surface in the previous 6 hours."},"thickness_of_rainfall_amount":{"type":"data","unit":"m","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Implied depth of the rain produced by the model precipitation scheme which has been deposited on the surface in the previous 6 hours. This excludes the rain produced by the model convection scheme."},"surface_upward_latent_heat_flux":{"type":"data","unit":"W/m2","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"The latent heat flux, averaged over a model time step, at the surface."},"lwe_thickness_of_surface_snow_amount":{"type":"data","unit":"m","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Liquid water equivalent (LWE) depth of the snow lying on the surface (ground). Typically water is 10 times as dense as snow, so multiplying by 10 gives an approximate depth of the snow, although wet snow can be significantly denser and powder snow much less dense."},"lwe_thickness_of_precipitation_amount":{"type":"data","unit":"m","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Implied depth of the layer of liquid water which has been deposited on the surface in the previous 6 hours. This includes rain, snow and hail, with the ice phase precipitation being considered as a liquid water equivalent (LWE) value. It includes the contribution from the model convection scheme if this is invoked."},"surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air":{"type":"data","unit":"W/m2","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Longwave radiation at the surface from above directed at the ground."},"surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air":{"type":"data","unit":"W/m2","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Total shortwave radiation at the surface from above directed at the ground."},"surface_downwelling_ultraviolet_flux_in_air":{"type":"data","unit":"W/m2","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Ultaviolet radiation at the surface from above directed at the ground."},"surface_direct_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air":{"type":"data","unit":"W/m2","dimensions":["latitude","longitude","forecast:reference_datetime","forecast:horizon"],"description":"Direct component of shortwave radiation at the surface from above directed at the ground."}},"msft:container":"deterministic","cube:dimensions":{"latitude":{"axis":"y","type":"spatial","extent":[-90,90]},"longitude":{"axis":"x","type":"spatial","extent":[-180,180]},"forecast:horizon":{"type":"temporal","extent":[null,null],"values":["PT0H","PT1H","PT2H","PT3H","PT4H","PT5H","PT6H","PT7H","PT8H","PT9H","PT10H","PT11H","PT12H","PT13H","PT14H","PT15H","PT16H","PT17H","PT18H","PT19H","PT20H","PT21H","PT22H","PT23H","PT24H","PT25H","PT26H","PT27H","PT28H","PT29H","PT30H","PT31H","PT32H","PT33H","PT34H","PT35H","PT36H","PT37H","PT38H","PT39H","PT40H","PT41H","PT42H","PT43H","PT44H","PT45H","PT46H","PT47H","PT48H","PT49H","PT50H","PT51H","PT52H","PT53H","PT54H","PT57H","PT60H","PT63H","PT66H","PT69H","PT72H","PT75H","PT78H","PT81H","PT84H","PT87H","PT90H","PT93H","PT96H","PT99H","PT102H","PT105H","PT108H","PT111H","PT114H","PT117H","PT120H","PT123H","PT126H","PT129H","PT132H","PT135H","PT138H","PT141H","PT144H","PT150H","PT156H","PT162H","PT168H"]},"forecast:reference_datetime":{"type":"temporal","extent":["2023-12-15T00:00:00Z",null]}},"stac_extensions":["https://stac-extensions.github.io/forecast/v0.2.0/schema.json","https://stac-extensions.github.io/datacube/v2.0.0/schema.json"],"msft:storage_account":"ukmoeuwest","msft:short_description":"Met Office Global Deterministic Near Surface Level"}